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Count of the Székelys
The Count of the Székelys ((ハンガリー語:székelyispán), (ラテン語:comes Sicolorum)) was the head of the Hungarian-speaking Székely people living in Transylvania within the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. The counts fulfilled administrative, military and judiciary functions. In addition to the Székely "seats", they administered Burzenland and other Transylvanian Saxon territories. The counts' official residence, the fortress at Görgény was situated outside the territories assigned to them.
Appointed directly by the monarchs, they remained independent of the Voivodes of Transylvania. The existence of the office is attested from the 1220s. It was always held by a Hungarian nobleman, never by a member of the Székely community. The office was attached to that of the Voivode in the 1460s.
==Origins==
Bishop Otto of Freising refers to "counts" leading the vanguards of the Hungarian troops in the battle of 1146 at the river Lajta.〔Zsoldos 2011, p. 239.〕 Since the advance guards were at that time formed by Székelys and Pechenegs, the bishop's record may refer to the existence of the office already in the middle of the 12th century.〔 On the other hand, the Székelys, along with Pechenegs, Romanians, and Saxons, were led by the Count of Sibiu against Bulgaria in 1210.〔Makkai 1994, p. 180.〕 The earliest royal charter mentioning a count of the Székelys was issued in 1235, but it refers to an event occurred seven years before, thus the office must have existed in 1228 at the latest.〔Kristó 2003, p. 133.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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